What is The Working Principle of Rotary Vane Pump?

Rotary vane pump is a positive displacement pump, which consists of blades mounted on a rotor, which rotates in a cavity. In some cases, the vanes may have a variable length and/or be tightened to maintain contact with the wall as the pump rotates.

The simplest vane pump has a circular rotor rotating in a larger circular cavity. The centers of the two circles are offset, resulting in eccentricity. The blades can slide in and out of the rotor and seal at all edges to form a blade chamber to complete the pumping work.

On the intake side of the pump, the volume of the vane chamber is increasing. These increasing volume vane chambers are filled with fluid pressed in by the inlet pressure. The inlet pressure is actually the pressure from the pumped system, usually only atmospheric pressure. On the discharge side of the pump, the volume of the vane chamber is decreasing, forcing fluid out of the pump. The function of the blades is to discharge the same volume of fluid per rotation.

Vane pumps are commonly used as high-pressure hydraulic pumps and automobiles, including booster pumps, power steering pumps and automatic transmission pumps. Medium pressure pumps include fountain soft drink dispensers and carbonators for espresso machines. In addition, vane pumps can be used in low pressure gas applications, such as secondary air injection for automatic exhaust emission control, or low pressure chemical vapor deposition systems.

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